Two bases are awarded to runners when:

• A. A fair ball hits a foul pole in flight.
• B. A throw becomes lodged in an umpire's uniform.
• C. The pitcher commits a balk.
• D. The pitcher attempts a throw from his pitching position on the pitcher's plate.

Answer: (B)

When a thrown ball becomes dead because it becomes lodged in an umpire’s uniform, the play is ruled a dead-ball situation and all runners are awarded two bases from their positions at the time the ball became dead. This rule exists to handle an unpredictable disruption in play and to give runners a fair opportunity to advance without being penalized for the imperfect throw. The other scenarios don’t trigger a two-base award: a fair ball contacting the foul pole stays in play as a fair ball; a balk places runners on base one base and the batter gets first, with the ball becoming dead after the balk; and an ineffective or illegal throw from the pitching position has its own dead-ball and base-award rules, not a blanket two-base advancement.